<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?><rss version="1.0"><channel><title>Diary of Gaargi Bhatt</title><link>http://midgetentity.rediffiland.com/</link><description>Diary of Gaargi Bhatt</description><language>en-us</language><item><title>Uttaal Man (The tempest)</title><description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p> </o:p></P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">Finally after few moments of futile efforts to go back to sleep, Sumi sat up..It was just dawn.. Just as she steeped out on the balcony of her apartment, The sun rays touched her softly..the salty, humid air played with her hair mischievously.At any other day she would have smiled..at this.Today was just not any other day.</P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><o:p> </o:p></P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">She saw it again..the same damn dream.the meaningless.spine chilling filling refused to leave her.She decided to deal with it as soon as possible.she decided to try to sleep again.and settled back in the bed.</P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><o:p> </o:p></P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">Sumi.u have changed..look what u hav now.don't u miss <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:State><st1:place>me.</st1:place></st1:State>??? Did u ever miss me?? How come u never thought of me all these years??? U forgot all those dayz, jokes, prankes that we shared?? If not what kept u away? Is this all u wanted? Wealth that would make u lonely.success that would leave u friendless??? I missed u sumi.but u just forgot.everything.</P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><o:p> </o:p></P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">She woke up with a shudder..her heart beating so hard ..so fast..she could feel the perspiration that ran though her neck.damn. She sat up..looked at her watch by the bedside.it was <st1:time Hour="8" Minute="30">8.30 a.m</st1:time> . She dialed the number....Gud morning sir, this is Sumi..I just wanted to request u something...Could I just take a week off.Ah actually not feeling well n there is a matter back at home..which needs to be attended urgently.Ah than u sir.thnx a ton.yes will be in touch.bbye.</P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>She dialed another call..ah hi..this is sumi form GenX.I would like to get some tickets booked.um .ok I am sending u details by mail.plz get them done n I will pick them by 1.P.M today.thnx</P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><o:p> </o:p></P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">After disconnecting the call she sat thinking.whether she was doing the right thing. Whether she was to achieve anything out of it??<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </SPAN>With an Herculean effort she forced herself to avoid further delay. and prepare herself for the day.she needed to prepare herself.she was going back.she was going back.<o:p></o:p></P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><o:p> </o:p></P><BR><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify">(continued)</P>]]></description><pubDate>Fri, 25 Jul 2008 00:28:55 +0530</pubDate><link>http://midgetentity.rediffiland.com/blogs/2008/07/25/Uttaal-Man-The-tempest.html</link></item><item><title>Shikwa</title><description><![CDATA[<P>ek zamana guzar gaya tha, tumko dekhe huey,</P><BR><P>             Ek muddat ho chuki thi humko jiye huey</P><BR><P>Itna roye the ki palke bhi nam na rahi,</P><BR><P>            Itne tanha rahein , khud ko bhul gaye</P><BR><P>Aaj laute hain sehar main to paya ki sab waisa hi hain....</P><BR><P>          wohi khushiyan, wohi dost, mehphile.....</P><BR><P>kuch gar badla hain to bas yehi,</P><BR><P>           arsa bit chuka....ki log humey bhul gaye.....</P><BR><P>ab to hum unki khamosh yaadon me bhi nahi hain.....</P><BR><P>par tum wahin ho...hasten muskurate huey.....</P><BR><P>Hum khamoshi main dafn ho gaye....</P><BR><P>         Kal they kya aur aaj kya ho gaye....</P><BR><P>Tumse dil lagaya tha...uska asar to dekho...</P><BR><P>hum dil se, duniya se, jahan se gaye....</P><BR><P>Ye sach hain ki kabhi hum dost they, humnashi bhi...</P><BR><P>                   Aaj magar sirf ek bita lamha ho gaye.</P><BR><P>        </P>]]></description><pubDate>Fri, 04 Jul 2008 01:47:17 +0530</pubDate><link>http://midgetentity.rediffiland.com/blogs/2008/07/04/Shikwa.html</link></item><item><title>Are u weak?</title><description><![CDATA[<P align=justify>Ok ...today I am writing but not for the sake of jotting down another blog but seriously to know what you might have to say in favour or counter argument.</P><BR><P align=justify>Normally, we all preach our younger ones or anyone around us to be peace loving, patient and benevolent. We all want them to be "civilised human beings". Some of us actually practise it too. But today one thing has raised a question in my mind. I dont intend to challenge the concept of Gandhian priniciple but seriously I would like to know what is boundary line between being meek and being weak. This principle was laid down by Gandhi against western world. But to my understanding this was particularly because they were cultured, and then perhaps much ahed in development than the entire world. They were highly reserching and debating on concepts like liberty, equallity etc. This concept of humility was again one of the concept of cultured society which was knowingly used agianst them. </P><BR><P align=justify>But at present day I dont think much benefit can be derived out of it. It was then usefull because people were not using the terms meek and weak interchangibly. Today if you say u follow Gandhian priniciple, people would laugh at your face and say "saala fattu". </P><BR><P align=justify>I agree many a time it is advisable to avoid fight just to avoid nasty scene. It may be also because you dont want to hurt or u actually dont want public scene...but are u comfortable being painted as a weak one insted of being a meek one. </P>]]></description><pubDate>Sun, 09 Mar 2008 17:29:08 +0530</pubDate><link>http://midgetentity.rediffiland.com/blogs/2008/03/09/Are-u-weak.html</link></item><item><title>Feeling  &quot;BLUE&quot;....</title><description><![CDATA[<SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">You left, and my heart is a ceaseless sermon of loneliness.  </SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><FONT size=2>~Jaesse Tyler<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><o:p><FONT size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center></SPAN> </P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"></SPAN> </P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">I am tired, Beloved,<BR>of chafing my heart against<BR>the want of you;<BR>of squeezing it into little inkdrops,<BR>And posting it.<BR>      ~<FONT size=2>Amy Lowell, "The Letter"</FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN> </P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><FONT size=2></FONT></SPAN> </P><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><FONT size=2><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><FONT size=3>I keep coming back to you in my head, but you couldn't know that, and I have no carbons. </FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia">       ~Adrienne Rich</SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"></SPAN> </P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">I think about you constantly, whether it's with my mind or my heart. </SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT size=2>        ~Albany Bach Reid<BR></P></FONT></SPAN></o:p></SPAN><P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">Within you I lose myself...<BR>Without you I find myself<BR>Wanting to be lost again.<BR>      <FONT size=2>  ~Author Unknown</FONT></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></o:p></SPAN></P><P align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><o:p><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"> </P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"></P></SPAN></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=center><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Georgia"><o:p><FONT size=2></FONT></o:p></SPAN> </P><br><img src="http://ri.rediffiland.com/homepimages/home2/7/09d3d1ee4e8217c7a18b475bee0973c3/homep/images/1204298336">]]></description><pubDate>Fri, 29 Feb 2008 20:42:53 +0530</pubDate><link>http://midgetentity.rediffiland.com/blogs/2008/02/29/Feeling-BLUE.html</link></item><item><title>honour killing: problem of egocentric society</title><description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>An honour killing is a murder of a woman accused of or actually involved with a man in act like infidelity, flirting or other instances perceived as, or one whose behavior is perceived as immoral. This happens when one or more male relatives suspect or note that the woman is a blot on the face of the family for her perceived illegal sexual activity. <BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><BR style="mso-special-character: line-break"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>The above given definition may not be as exhaustive as it should be but it covers most of the heinous crime. One may curse the stupidity of law but painful presence of heinous crime like honour killing, make any reasonable person shudder with hate and more hate. Honour killing is not a problem of some part of interior <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">India</st1:country-region></st1:place> but is rather a issue, which posses serious threats to several right of the women across the globe. Though the problem is at full swing in Islamic countries like <st1:City w:st="on">Middle East</st1:City>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Iran</st1:country-region>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Iraq</st1:country-region>, and among the countries of Asia, the most developed countries of <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place> also have not remained untouched by it.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Due to recent media attention, the problem of "honor killings" has come under increasing global scrutiny. In various countries throughout the world, particularly in the Middle East and parts of <st1:place w:st="on">South Asia</st1:place>, women who bring dishonor to their families because of sexual indiscretions are forced to pay a terrible price at the hands of male family members. Attempted murder and other forms of corporal punishment have been reported. The most severe manifestations of punishment affect only a small percentage of women, even though the notion of family honor and shame is extremely important in most communities of the Muslim world. Women from other faith groups may also be subject to similar attitudes from within their own communities in those countries. <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2><I><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">Certain Incidents of Honour killing:</SPAN></I><I><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>In <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Denmark</st1:country-region></st1:place> on 15<SUP>th</SUP> May 2006, nine members of a Muslim<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </SPAN>family were put to trial. They were accused of charges of conspiring to murder, relating to the killing of Ghazala Khan on September 23<SUP>rd</SUP> last year. Ghazala was shot in the street, on broad daylight, outside Slag else train station near west of <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Copenhagen</st1:place></st1:City>.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>According to <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Denmark</st1:place></st1:country-region>'s </FONT><A href="http://www.jp.dk/indland/artikel:aid=3812570/"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Jyllands-Posten</FONT></SPAN></A><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> and </FONT><A href="http://www.cphpost.dk/get/96407.html"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Copenhagen Post</FONT></SPAN></A><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2> all the nine members of the family have been found guilty of manslaughter at the High Court of Eastern Denmark. Ghazala's mother and father were also among those found guilty. They will be facing punishment ranging from imprisonment of five year to lifetime imprisonment. The case is a landmark, as it is the first time that other family members have been found guilty of being accomplices to an honour killing. <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">Indian scenario</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'">:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>On September 22, members of the Gujjar community in Rajasthan's Dausa district called a 'maha panchayat' to protest the arrest of the killers of a young Gujjar girl who had been murdered, allegedly, to protect her family's 'honour'. Fifteen-year-old Neelam's father, uncle and grandfather are alleged to have murdered the teenager to avenge the slight to their honour by the girl's elopement with a dalit boy. The Gujjars belong to the category 'other backward castes', which is higher in the country's caste hierarchy than the Bairwa caste to which her dalit husband belonged. Although members of Neelam's family reportedly confessed, during police interrogation, that it had been an 'honour killing', the community panchayat says they will launch an agitation against the arrests. Indeed, in the teenager's <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceType w:st="on">village</st1:PlaceType> of <st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Shahadpur</st1:PlaceName></st1:place> there is widespread condemnation of the arrests and anger against women's right groups that have protested against the girl's killing.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN><I><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Indian Laws and the problem of honour killing:<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></I></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Any countries constitution is the most important law of the nation as all the laws legislated in the country derives recognition from the constitution of that nation. In <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region> too, Constitution has the prime importance. The Constitution in Part III has laid down fundamental rights. The rights given under this section cannot be denied to anyone except with due course of law. In this part Article 21 talks about right to life and personal liberty. It states, " No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law." Though the articles structure gives it a grammatical form, it has, in reality been given a positive effect by judicial interpretation. This right being fundamental in nature is enforceable against State, and judicial decision has imposed, on the State, several positive obligations. "Life" under this article does not mean merely the physical act of breathing. It includes right to live a life of dignity, and in environment, which would make it possible to attain development of ones personality.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Under criminal justice system of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">India</st1:country-region></st1:place>, The Indian Penal Code provides punishment for offences that are committed against the human body<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </SPAN>under chapter XVI. In this chapter, section 299 defines culpable homicide and section 300 defines murder.</FONT></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Section 299 says, " Whoever causes death by doing an act with the intention of causing death, or with the intention of causing such bodily injury as is likely to cause death or with the knowledge that he is likely by such act to cause death, commits the offence of culpable homicide." </FONT></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>And Section 300 says that culpable homicide would amount to murder except in certain exceptional conditions mentioned under section 300 's exception. </FONT></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Section 302 provides punishment for murder and states, " whoever commits murder shall be punished with death, or imprisonment for life and shall be liable to fine. </FONT></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Thus Indian Criminal justice system provides provisions to make sure that the person who deprives any one of his right to life without due process should not get away without being punished.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><I><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>International Laws:<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></I></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Apart from all these laws, <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region> adheres to Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which in its article 3 aims to secure right to life, liberty and security of person.</FONT></FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Also there is ICCPR, which in its article six clearly states, "Every human being has the inherent right to life. Law shall protect this right. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life."<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><I><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2><I><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">Conclusion</SPAN></I><I><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>There is no denial that legislators have laid down laws to protect women from atrocities but such laws cannot save any women unless the mind set up of the society is changed. The crime of honour killing is if simply seen would amount to murder but it is a sociological problem which needs immediate attention. It is wrong to suggest that it is a problem of a particular religion, or tribe. Rather it is a crime against a gender. The laws being legislated cannot alone change the situation.<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </SPAN>It is proved by the fact that despite of the fact that there are laws under criminal justice system and even after being an adherent member of Human Right, in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region> there are still cases of honour killing. The time has come when we should understand that it is the need of the time that laws should be upgraded and implemented in their full sense or else they are of no value. <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>There are certain suggestions, which are as follows:<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><H4 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Legal measures<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></H4><UL type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Undertake a review of criminal laws to ensure equal protection of law to women. </FONT></LI></UL><UL type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Adopt legislation, which makes domestic violence in all its manifestations a criminal offence. The UN Special Reporter on violence against women developed a framework for model legislation on domestic violence, which Amnesty International recommends, be used when drafting legislation against such crimes. </FONT></LI></UL><UL type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Make the sale of women and girls, the giving of women in marriage against financial consideration and as a form of compensation in lieu of a fine or imprisonment a criminal offence.</FONT></LI></UL><UL type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Provide women victims of violence with access to the mechanisms of justice and to just and effective remedies for the harm they have suffered.</FONT></LI></UL><UL type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Ensure that the provincial home departments, commissioners, deputy commissioners and senior police staff take notice of all reports of honour killings and ensure that every single case is investigated and brought to prosecution.</FONT></LI></UL><UL type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Abolish the death penalty and commute all death sentences.</FONT></LI></UL><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><H4 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Preventive measures<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></H4><UL type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Undertake wide-ranging public awareness programs through the media, the education system and public announcements to inform both men and women of women's equal rights.</FONT></LI></UL><UL type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>In particular, provide gender-sensitization training to law enforcement and judicial personnel to enable them to impartially address complaints of violence in the name of honour.</FONT></LI></UL><UL type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2>Ensure that data and statistics are collected in a manner that makes the problem visible. <SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></LI></UL><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><FONT size=2><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Protective measures<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><UL style="MARGIN-TOP: 0in" type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Ensure that activists, lawyers and women's groups can pursue their legitimate activities without harassment or fear for their safety by providing adequate police protection and pursue all such threats with a view to punishment.</FONT></LI></UL><UL type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2>Expand victim support services provided by the state or non-governmental organizations; they should be run as places of voluntary recourse for women and their purpose should be only protective; they should be available all over the country, adequately resourced, and linked to legal aid, vocational training and with adequate provisions for children.</FONT></LI></UL><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: windowtext; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Times New Roman, Times, serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P>]]></description><pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 2008 23:26:33 +0530</pubDate><link>http://midgetentity.rediffiland.com/blogs/2008/02/27/honour-killing-problem-of-egocentric-society.html</link></item><item><title>advancement of forensic science in criminal investigation</title><description><![CDATA[<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><B>Introduction:</B> Crime has been a part of human society from the time immemorial. The need of laws and various kinds of legislation was felt when crime started threatening the very existence of the human society. The laws and legislation of various kinds are therefore weapons of human society to fight against the evil named crime. </FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Crime is both a social as well as an economic phenomenon, which distresses the whole human society. With the growth and development of society the nature of the crime has been also changing and diversifying. Today, guardians of law heavily depend of various technologies and advancement of science to help them in their fight against crime. There has been various advancement in forensic science that has specially been welcomed in criminal investigation. Some of such advancements are discussed below in brief while efforts have been done to study DNA profiling in details. However, any discripencies that may have crept in are regretted.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p><B><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal">Polygraph or lie detector test: </SPAN></B></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><B><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal"><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2></FONT></o:p></SPAN></B> </P><H1 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=justify><EM><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The first attempt to develop a scientific instrument to detect truth or deception was made as early as 1895 by Lombroso. It was basically designed to record blood pressure and changes in pulse rate. Later Larsen and Keeler designed instrument which was further developed by John Reid in 1947.</FONT></EM></H1><P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2></FONT> </P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The principle behind the mechanism of this instrument is that, a change takes place in a person who consciously holds his feelings, which manifest into change in blood pressure, respiration or electro dermal response.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Such test is conducted on the basis of assumption that there is an interaction between mind and body and is conducted by various components or the sensors of the polygraph machine, which are attached to the body of the suspected persons body that is being interrogated. The machine records details like blood pressure, pulse rate, respiration and muscle movement etc. This test is conducted at three stage namely pretest interview, chart recording and diagnosis. The examiner prepares a set of question depending upon the relevant information about the case provided by the investigating operators such as the charges against the person and statements made by the suspects. The reaction of the suspect in regard to the questions are recorded and measured. A baseline is created by examiner by asking few question answer of which is already known to him. Lying is accompanied by behavioral and psychological changes, which the graph exposes. Derivation from the base line is taken as a sign of lie. All such evidence is then corroborated with the other evidence gathered. </FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Keeler further refined the polygraph machine by adding psycho-galvanometer, which would record electrical resistance of the skin.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><B><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Brain mapping or P300 test:<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>This test is developed and patented in the year 1995 by a neurologist Dr. Lawrence A. Farwell, Director and Chief scientist of 'Brain Wave Science' IWOA. This method, which is also otherwise known as 'Brain wave finger printing'. In this process the suspect is first interviewed and interrogated to find out whether he is concealing any vital information. Then sensors are attached to the head and the person is made to sit in front of a computer monitor. He is then shown and made to hear certain images and voice. The sensor attached to head monitors and records electrical activity and P300 waves in the brain, which is generated only if subject has connection with stimulus. The subject is not asked any question. To put it simply, it simply means that brain finger printing matches information stored in the brain with that of the related to crime and crime scene. In case of an innocent person no such P300 waves would get registered during the test. </FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The Forensic Science laboratory of <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:country-region w:st="on">India</st1:country-region>, situated in Banglore is the first one to use this technique in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region>.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Expert evidence in a criminal trial would be just a fraction of the totality of the evidence on the appreciation of which the judge or jury takes decision. The Court takes into account all the other evidence at hand along with the opinion of the scientific expert, which is just one piece of evidence required to be taken into consideration and appreciated for its evidentiary value. Even after the validity of the technique of brain fingerprinting satisfies Daubert's criteria, its application as a forensic tool in individual cases will depend upon the authenticity of the probes and other factors. The test would not be applicable in a case in which two suspects in an investigation were both present at a crime, but one was a witness and the other a perpetrator. The technique can only detect information from their memory that would place both at the scene of the crime and it cannot determine what their roles were, thereby creating a distinct possibility of an innocent eye-witness becoming a suspect of the crime and giving a dubious opportunity to the real culprit to create a situation of doubt. Furthermore, the technique would not be definitive in a case in which investigators do not know sufficient information about a crime to be able to test a suspect for crime-relevant information stored in the brain. The brain-fingerprinting test detects the presence or absence of information and not guilt or innocence per se. In some cases, a person may possess virtually all the available information about a crime, even though he is not a perpetrator. In such cases, possessing crime relevant information will not identify that individual as the perpetrator and the test cannot be applied to solve the case. A Primer for Tiers of Science," has proposed a five-step framework for a sound analysis of scientific evidence to meet the requirements of intellectual due process in making admissibility determinations. The heuristics proposed consists of five basic parts and emphasizes the underlying principles common to all fields of science. It is suggested by the author that the judges and the lawyers who assist them about their cases, must be able to do five things: (i) Identify and examine the proffered theory and hypothesis for their power to explain the data; (ii) Examine the data that supports (and undermines) the expert's theory; (iii) Use supportable assumptions to fill the inevitable gaps between data and theory; (iv) Examine the methodology; and (v) Engage in probabilistic assessment of the link between the data and the hypothesis.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><B><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Narcoanalysis test:<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>History: Earlier in the 20<SUP>th</SUP> Century the physicians started to use scopolamine along with morphine and chloroform, to induce a state called '<B>twilight sleep'</B> during childbirth as these had effect of sedative. However, scopolamine was also known to create a state of disorientation, confusion and amnesia during the period of intoxication.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>In 1922, it occurred to Robert House, a <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Texas</st1:place></st1:State> based Obstetrician that a similar technique may be used to interrogate the suspects in criminal investigation. He accordingly arranged for two suspected prisoners under trial to be investigated under the effect of scopolamine whose guilt seemed to be clearly confirmed. Upon such investigation both the person denied such charges and, both upon trial were found not to be guilty. Thus this led Robert House to conclude that a person under the effect of scopolamine cannot lie, as there is no reason or power to think. His idea and experiment gained a lot of limelight and attention and thus led introduction of narco analysis in criminal investigation. </FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><B><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">What is narco-analysis test?<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Narcoanlysis tests which are also known as '<B>truth serum test'</B> are used to analysis the behavior of the suspect as well as for the purpose of corroborating the investigating officers findings.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>It has been proved by scientific experimentation that if a person is administered with such drugs which may suppress his reasoning or power to think, he may be made to tell the truth. As discussed earlier certain drugs have tendency of creating a state called 'twilight sleep'. Such drugs are being used in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region> in various kind of investigation. The Term Narcoanalysis was first introduced in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region> in the year 1936 for the use of narcotics in the investigation to induce a trance like state wherein a person may be subjected to various queries. The aim behind such administration of drug was that the person under the influence of such drug, being deprived of power of reasoning and self-control would talk freely and will not be able to manipulate any answer. The underlying theory is that a person can lie only by using his power of imagination thus, when devoid of such power, a person is bound to speak truth.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>In Narcoanalysis test the subject's reasoning is neutralized and affected by making him semi-conscious. He may not be able to speak on his own but he is in state to make specific answers to simple questions.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Truth serums are nothing but clinically used drugs. A few to be name can be hysocine, Sodium Amytal, Seconal etc. Most commonly used drug for the purpose is Sodium Pentothal, which is administered intravenously and has a tendency to make a person garrulous and confessional. The dosage of the drug to be administered is calculated in ration to the age, weight of the person on whom it is to be administered. A wrong or over dosage may result in sending the person in comatic stage or worse may also result in death. The investigation done under such circumstances are recorded both in audio and videocassettes. This procedure is conducted in governmental hospitals after obtaining due permission of the court. Personal consent of the subject is also required.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p>Recently police officials of various countries including that of <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region> are using Narcoanalysis test for extracting confession of the accused. In <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region>, drugs have gained only marginal acceptance in investigation and often provokes the cry of 'psychological third degree'.</FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Such a test was unheard in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region> until recent past. It was first used in 2002 in Godhra carnage probe. It was also in news after Arun Bhatt kidnapping case where the accused had appealed to NHRC and Supreme Court against the use of Narcoanalysis test. It was also in News when it was used in Telgi case whereupon Karim Telgi was subjected to the test in 2003 in a governmental hospital in Banglore.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Police believes in narcoanalysis test as a scientific device aiding the process of investigation, which is not only helpful in solving pending criminal, cases but also helps in crime prevention. Narcoanyalisis being a scientific approach is preferred over traditional third degree method. But on the other hand questions are raised against authenticity of evidence collected through such procedure of investigation. Its application is also questioned as it suffers from various drawbacks such as:</FONT></P><UL style="MARGIN-TOP: 0in" type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The person conducting the test has to highly qualified physician.</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>It is very essential to apply correct measure of dose as overdose may turn out to be of fatal consequence which may even result in death of the suspect.</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The test can fail if the suspect is an abuser or regular user of certain kind of narcotic substances.</FONT></DIV></LI></UL><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><B><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Narcoanalysis and legal aspects:<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The main provision relating to trial and investigation of a case of criminal nature is Art.20 (3) of Indian Constitution. It talks about privilege against self-incrimination. Almost in every society this concept has been accepted in some or other form.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>In <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>, the fifth amendment of the US Constitution provides that, "No person shall be compelled to be a witness in any criminal case against himself."</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Whereas in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Britain</st1:place></st1:country-region>, it is fundamental principle of common law that a person accused of an offence shall not be compelled to give any evidence or documents, which can incriminate him. </FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>In <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region>, privilege against self-incrimination is recognized as a cannon of common law. The features of this principal are as followed:</FONT></P><UL style="MARGIN-TOP: 0in" type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The accused is presumed to be innocent unless proved guilty beyond reasonable doubt.</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The burden of proof is on accusation to prove the guilt of the accused.</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The accused is not required to make any self-incriminating statement.</FONT></DIV></LI></UL><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>All these features stem from the apprehension that if such privilege is not provided than the accused may be tortured so as to entrap him into fatal contradiction. This feature protects accused against any such situation and aims at ensuring standard of criminal investigation.</FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyTextIndent2 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in" align=justify><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Art.20 (3) reads as, "No person accused of an offence shall be compelled to be a witness against himself."<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>This statement has two elements, which are,</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in" align=justify><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>The person should be accused of an offence</FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; TEXT-INDENT: -0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in" align=justify><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"><SPAN style="mso-list: Ignore">·<SPAN style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">        </SPAN></SPAN></SPAN>The protection should be against the compulsion of being an witness against himself.</FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>If these ingredients are missing than Art. 20(3) cannot be invoked.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Apart from that narcoanalysis test also involves fundamental question related to aspect of Human rights, as will as certain legal concepts. Some of the aspects around which questions are raised are encroachment of individuals right, liberty and freedom. Moreover some jurists have considered such investigation as blatant violation of Art. 20(3) of the Constitution of <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region>.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Section 45 of Indian Evidence Act, 1872 talks about expert opinion but however remains silent on other aspects of forensic evidence in a criminal proceeding.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Further right to silence is provided in Code of criminal procedure, which is also providing right against confession of self-incriminating nature.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><B><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">DNA Profiling:<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>One of the latest growing and most reliable mode of investigation in forensic science is that of DNA profiling. DNA is the abbreviation of the term, " Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid". It is an organic substance which is found in every living cell and which gives an individual genetic blue print. DNA can be obtained from a wide variety of sources like, blood, semen, bone, saliva etc</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn3" name=_ftnref3><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[3]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>DNA was first discovered by Fredrick Micscher in the year 1869. Sir Alec J. Jeffery discovered the use of DNA in forensic analysis in 1984 in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">England</st1:place></st1:country-region> and it was first used in famous endbury case wherein two girls were raped and murdered.</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn4" name=_ftnref4><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[4]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Since then scientists such as, RFLP have developed various techniques</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn5" name=_ftnref5><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[5]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> and later another technique was developed which is known as PCR.</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn6" name=_ftnref6><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[6]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P class=MsoBodyText2 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=justify><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">PCR had advantages over RFLP as it takes lesser number of samples and replicates them in manifolds. It is quicker and cost effective. It also enabled to analyze highly degraded samples and therefore it is the most widely followed method of DNA profiling.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>DNA test are highly effective because every persons DNA is unique except twins. The probability of DNA being same is one in three billion. And it is credible because it cannot be tempered with.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>DNA test can be used in various cases such as to establish parentage of a child, identify mutilated dead bodies etc.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><B><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Paternity:</FONT></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The raison d'etre under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, is against the illegitimisation of a child and the public policy is that no child should suffer due to lapses on part of their parents. It is well established that when certain fact is considered as conclusive proof of another fact, the judiciary generally disables the party in disrupting such proof</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn7" name=_ftnref7><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[7]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>. The only exception occurs when the party is able to show that there was no access to the other party when the conception could have taken place. Whenever paternity is contested, the burden of proof is on the party pleading negative</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn8" name=_ftnref8><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[8]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>. </FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">In the case of Gautam Kundu v <st1:place w:st="on">West Bengal</st1:place></FONT></FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn9" name=_ftnref9><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[9]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> the apex court has laid down certain guidelines regarding DNA test and their admissibility in the parentage case.</FONT></P><OL style="MARGIN-TOP: 0in" type=1><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The courts in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region> cannot order blood test as a matter of course.</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Whenever application is made for such prayer in order to have roving enquiry, the prayer of blood test cannot be entertained.</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>There must be strong prima facie case in which the husband must have establish non-access in order to dispel the presumption arising under section 112 of Indian Evidence Act, 1872,</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The court should carefully examine as to what would be the consequence of ordering the blood test.</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>No one can be compelled to give blood sample for analysis.</FONT></DIV></LI></OL><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>In case of Kanti Devi v Poshi Ram</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn10" name=_ftnref10><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[10]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>, The Supreme Court held that even a DNA test that indicated that the person is not the father of the child would not be enough to rebut the conclusiveness of marriage as proof of legitimacy of child.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure code, 1973 laid down that the natural and fundamental duty of man is to maintain his legally wedded wife, children and parents so long as they are unable to maintain themselves.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><B><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>DNA and Criminal Justice system:</FONT></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>21<SUP>st</SUP> century started altogether on a wrong note. The 11September attack left none in any doubt about the capacity and capability of the criminals of this era. Hence an urgent need for modification of the crime investigation process and tools were felt. The development of DNA was a welcome and it became more and more reliable instrument for the person. Unlike civil paternity case, Indian courts have accepted the role of DNA in criminal paternity case. In Rajiv Gandhi Case, the DNA samples of alleged assassin Dhanu were compared with her relatives, which gave conclusive proof about her being involved in the gruesome attack. Similarly in Tandoor murder case, the DNA samples of the victim Naina Sahni were compared with that of her parents to establish her identity.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Though no specific legislation has been laid down in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">India</st1:place></st1:country-region> in relation to DNA, section 53, and 54 provides for DNA test impliedly and are being used extensively in solving criminal cases.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Section 53 talks about, examination of the accused by the medical practitioner, at the request of the police officer, if there are reasonable grounds to believe that an examination of his person will afford an evidence as to commission of the offence.</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn11" name=_ftnref11><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[11]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </SPAN>In Neeraj Verma v State of <st1:State w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">UP</st1:place></st1:State></FONT></FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn12" name=_ftnref12><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[12]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> the High Court observed that the police power to take samples of blood, etc. could be exercised by the magistrate and is not violative of article 20(3) of the constitution.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Section 54 provides for examination of the arrested person at his request. The Law Commission at its 37<SUP>th</SUP> report has stated that to facilitate effective investigation, provisions are made authorizing examination of the arrested person by a medical practitioner if such an examination can provide evidence about circumstances under which alleged offence was being committed.</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn13" name=_ftnref13><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[13]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>In order to fight terrorism, POTA was enacted and section 27(1) of the Act states that, " when an investigation officer requests the court of CJM or the court of CMM, in writing for obtaining samples of blood, hand writing, finger print, etc. it shall be lawful for the court of CJM to direct such samples to be handed over by accused person to the police officer through the medical practitioner or as the case may be.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>In the light of recent developments in the forensic science, the committee constituted under Dr. Justice V.S Malimath suggested certain reform in criminal justice system. This committee suggested comprehensive use of forensic science in the criminal justice system. According to committee, DNA expert should be included in the list of experts given in the section 293(4) of Cr.P.C.</FONT><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftn14" name=_ftnref14><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>[14]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Malimath Commission report also suggested amendment to the section 4 of the Identification of Prisoners Act, 1920 on the lines of Sec 27 of POTA 2002.</FONT></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Suggestions of the report can be capsulated in the given below form:</FONT></P><UL style="MARGIN-TOP: 0in" type=disc><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>Section 313 of the Cr.P.C must also be amended so as to draw adverse inference if he fails to answer any relevant material question therefore making it easy for enforcer of law to use DNA test against him.</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>A specific law should be enacted giving guidelines to the police setting uniform standard for obtaining genetic information and to prevent misuse of the same.</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>A National Database of DNA should be built to fight the problem of terrorism.</FONT></DIV></LI><LI class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in"><DIV align=justify><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>The laboratories should be upgraded to make them more useful in the fight against crime by making them more suitable to handle DNA samples.</FONT></DIV></LI></UL><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><o:p> </o:p><B>Conclusion:<o:p></o:p></B></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyText2 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=justify><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Every coin has two sides. Every technology or knowledge created can be used of misused by the user. But that cannot be used as a ground to reject development of the knowledge.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">Scientific evidence is an inescapable facet of modern litigation. The faulty analysis of scientific evidence would deprive litigants of intellectual due process from judges and undercut the proper functioning and credibility of the judicial system. </SPAN><I><SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>In <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">USA</st1:place></st1:country-region>, more than 140 people convicted of murder were exonerated using DNA test. Isn't it sufficient to prove the development very useful? The criminal justice system is supposed to be based on just and equitable principles. </I><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">The task of the Court is to industriously understand the scientific evidence and assess its value, without being affected by commercial publicity given to the scientific inventions patented for use of science as commerce.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P><P class=MsoBodyText2 style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt" align=justify><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal"><FONT size=2><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">We will therefore have to accept and upgrade our criminal justice system so as to leave no stone unturned to save a innocent person and to affirm that a criminal does not get away at the cost of innocent life. Our justice system says let 100 guilty get away but let not one innocent suffer. Its high time that we develop our system to the level that none of the criminal get away without being punished for their crime because when they are able to do so their victims are being denied justice and that frustrates the whole system. Lets hope all these developments of forensic science would be a sufficient tool in the hands of the people fighting crime so as to arm them against it and make the system work to establish more and more just and safe place for people live in peace and prosperity.<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: justify" align=justify><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=justify><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 20pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 20pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 20pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 20pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></B></P><P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 20pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> </FONT></o:p></SPAN></B></P><DIV style="mso-element: footnote-list"><BR clear=all><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><HR align=left width="33%" SIZE=1></FONT><DIV id=ftn1 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn1" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref1" name=_ftn1><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[1]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> 372 <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">US</st1:place></st1:country-region> 293(1963)</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn2 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn2" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref2" name=_ftn2><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[2]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> 753 F.2d 1522(9<SUP>th</SUP> Cir.1985),1985</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn3 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn3" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref3" name=_ftn3><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[3]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> Sharma, B.R, "Forensic science in criminal investigation and trials", 6<SUP>th</SUP> edn, page vi</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn4 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn4" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref4" name=_ftn4><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[4]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT><A href="http://www.dnaresource.com/archives"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2>www.dnaresource.com/archives</FONT></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> at 18th December 2004</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn5 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn5" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref5" name=_ftn5><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[5]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> Restriction fragment length polymerizes.</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn6 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn6" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref6" name=_ftn6><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[6]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> Polymerise chain reaction technique.</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn7 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn7" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref7" name=_ftn7><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[7]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> Section 6 of Indian Evidence Act, 1872</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn8 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn8" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref8" name=_ftn8><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[8]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> Section 112 of Indian Evidence Act, 1872.</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn9 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn9" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref9" name=_ftn9><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[9]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> (1993) 3 SCC 418 </FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn10 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn10" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref10" name=_ftn10><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[10]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> AIR 2001 SC 2226</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn11 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn11" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref11" name=_ftn11><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[11]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> Kelker, R.V, Cr.P.C,4<SUP>th</SUP> edn, p.70</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn12 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn12" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref12" name=_ftn12><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[12]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> 1993 Cr.L.J2226(allahbad)</FONT></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn13 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn13" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref13" name=_ftn13><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[13]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> www. Manupatra.com at 19<SUP>th</SUP> December 2004</FONT></P><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><o:p><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> </FONT></o:p></P></DIV><DIV id=ftn14 style="mso-element: footnote"><P class=MsoFootnoteText style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><A title="" style="mso-footnote-id: ftn14" href="http://www.rediffiland.com/scripts/editor.php?handle=midgetentity@rediffmail.com&amp;sessionId=1K1KTKijiuQDH6IY5qAf3jw9xwt1&amp;postId=1204091253&amp;lang=&amp;id=1204091253#_ftnref14" name=_ftn14><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="mso-special-character: footnote"><SPAN class=MsoFootnoteReference><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">[14]</FONT></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></SPAN></A><FONT face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size=2> items 38, Malimath Commission report on reforms of criminal justice system 2003.</FONT></P></DIV></DIV>]]></description><pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 2008 11:17:33 +0530</pubDate><link>http://midgetentity.rediffiland.com/blogs/2008/02/27/advancement-of-forensic-science-in-criminal.html</link></item><item><title>ardhya satya</title><description><![CDATA[<P><EM><FONT size=2>this one was written by me after seeing a so called love nest break......may be pessimistic but its heartfelt.......</FONT></EM></P><P> </P><P>Har din ki tarah,</P><P>               ye din bhi dhal jaayega</P><P>raat ke kaale saaye mein,</P><P>              ek diya fir jagmagayega</P><P> </P><P>Matmailisi un raasto par jab chaandni bikhregi,</P><P>              sach kehta hoon kar lo yekin, yaad tum aaogi</P><P>Aaj magar jaati ho jao,</P><P>             nahi rokunga main(2)</P><P>kya karu, sacchai se bandha </P><P>             khud ko asahai paata hoon main</P><P>sirf pyaar hi kaafi nahi jeene ke liye,</P><P>            aur bhi jarooratein hain insaan ki</P><P>Pet ka chulha, tan ka kapda,</P><P>             aksar jeet jaate hain</P><P>jab ladai ho prem, adarsh aur wastavikta ki</P><P> </P><P>Tum nahi mili to kya jee paaunga,</P><P>               aur mili to kaise nazrein milaunga</P><P>tute darpan, naino ki asuwan,</P><P>              kya inse grihasti sajaunga?</P><P> </P><P>Aaj ka satya yehi hain,</P><P>          manav ka mulya yehi hain,</P><P>jab tak char jun ki roti na ho ghar mein</P><P>           prem prasang na aaye man mein,</P><P>Prem ka kya hain,</P><P>            aaj hain kal nahi,</P><P>Bhuk, tangi, aarthik samasya</P><P>            jakar bhi jaati nahi</P><P> </P><P>Isiliye fir kehta hoon,</P><P>          aaj jaati ho to jao</P><P>nahi rokunga main,</P><P>         sacchai se bandha khud ko asahain paata hoon main...</P><P> </P><P> </P><P><EM><FONT size=1></FONT></EM> </P><P> </P>]]></description><pubDate>Sat, 23 Feb 2008 21:55:28 +0530</pubDate><link>http://midgetentity.rediffiland.com/blogs/2008/02/23/ardhya-satya.html</link></item><item><title>kuch alfaaz jo pasand hain mujhko</title><description><![CDATA[<P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>Hi people,<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>This time I am posting some of the favourite lines( which are not mine). These are taken from books that i read....Hope u people like them....<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></I></P><P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Ajab mausam hain, mere har kadam pe phool rakhta hain,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">         muhobbat mein muhobbat ka farishta saath chalta hain</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Har aasoon mein koin tasveer aksar jhilmilati hain,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">         tumhe aakehn batayeingi diyo mein kaun jalta hain</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">jab so jaaoun main, in aakhon par apne hont rakh dena,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">         yakeen ho jaayega ki palko tale bhi dil dhadakta hain</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">bahut se kaam ruk jaate hain, main bahar nahi jaata,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">         tumhari yaad ka lamha kahan taale talta hain</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">muhobbat gam ki baarish hain, zameen sarsabz hoti hain,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">        bahut se phool khilte hain jahan baadal barasta hain</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">  <o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">parakhna mat, parakne me koin apna nahi rehta,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">                 kisi bhi aaine mein der tak chehra nahi rehta</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">bade logon se milne mein hamesha faasla rakhna,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">               jahan dariya samandar se mila, dariya nahi rehta</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">muhobbat ek khushboo hain, hamesha saath chalti hain,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">             koin insaan tanhaain mein bhi tanha nahi rehta</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">tumhara sehar to bilkul naye andaaz wala hain,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">             hamare sehar mein bhi ab koi hum sa nahi rehta.....</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P> </P><P> </P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Gar yakeen nahi to aazmaaye mujhe,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">             wo aaina hain to aaina dikhaye mujhe</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">ajab charag hoon, din raat jalta rehta hoon,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">             thak gaya hun main, hawa se kaho ki bujhaye mujhe</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">main jiski aakhon ka aasoon tha, usne kadra na ki,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">             bikhar gaya hoon, to ab ret se uthaye mujhe</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">bahut dino se main in pattharo mein patthar hoon,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">             koin to aaye zara der tak rulaye mujhe</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">main chahti hoon ki tum hi mujhe izzazat do,</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">             tumhari tarah se koi gale lagaye mujhe......</SPAN></I><I style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></I></P><P></o:p></SPAN> </P><P><SPAN style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p></o:p></SPAN> </P><P align=justify> </P><br><img src="http://ri.rediffiland.com/homepimages/home2/7/09d3d1ee4e8217c7a18b475bee0973c3/homep/images/1203707295">]]></description><pubDate>Sat, 23 Feb 2008 00:20:49 +0530</pubDate><link>http://midgetentity.rediffiland.com/blogs/2008/02/23/kuch-alfaaz-jo-pasand-hain-mujhko.html</link></item><item><title>NAASTIK</title><description><![CDATA[<P>sadak par dekha use....</P><P>           chikhti hui chillati hui...</P><P>majboor hain hum....kya kare?</P><P>         kisse dil ki guhar kare....</P><P>wo jo sunkar sunte nahi...</P><P>      ya wo jo aankh wale andhe hain</P><P>ye duniya hain ajab si....</P><P>     baste patthar dil insaan yahan...</P><P>aasoon ka koi mol nahi...bikte hain jism ke tukde yahan</P><P>majboor hain hum....</P><P>     kya kare....kisse shikwa ..shikayat karen...</P><P>Wo jo sunkar sunte nahi......</P><P>         ya unse jinka imaan nahi...</P><P>bhuk se baccha rota hain...</P><P>          maa ka seena jalta hain...</P><P>unko canvas par tasveer bana..</P><P>          koi wahwahi lut ta hain....</P><P>Are koi roti de do ......</P><P>         bhuk se laal mera marta hain</P><P>tumko tumhari duniya mubarak....</P><P>          mujhko yahan rehna nahi.....</P><P>tujhko maan ne se hain inkaar mujhko</P><P>         tu mera bhagwan nahi......</P><P>tu daata kaise nahi....tu...daata kaise ho sakta hain?</P><P>          baccha mera jeeta nahi ...mujhko maut na aati hain</P><P>tu daata hain...to sabko de...</P><P>    mujhko maut...isko jeevan de...</P><P>ki maine duniya dekh li..  isne kuch dekha nahi....</P><P>par tu to tu hai...tu koi daata nahi.....</P><P>       patthar hain tu bhi....patthar se jyaada kuch nahi..</P><P>patthar ki is nagri main...patthar hi puje jaate hain...</P><P>     haar maans ke insaan magar yunh hi maare jaate hain...</P><P>isiliye kehti hoon...</P><P>    mujhko yahan rehna nahi....</P><P>tujhko maanne se hain inkaar .....</P><P>    tu mera bhagwaan nahi....    </P>]]></description><pubDate>Sat, 02 Feb 2008 21:51:41 +0530</pubDate><link>http://midgetentity.rediffiland.com/blogs/2008/02/02/NAASTIK.html</link></item></channel></rss>